an expression that uses variables and constants to represent particular quantities
area:
the number of square units needed to cover a surface
arm of an angle:
each of the two rays that form an angle
array:
data organized in a table or in rows and columns
astronomical unit:
the distance from Earth to the sun, approximately 150 million kilometres
broken-line graph:
a graph formed by joining points on a grid
certain event:
an event that always occurs
class:
interval
common factor:
a factor that divides into two or more given numbers
common multiple:
a number that is a multiple of two or more whole numbers
composite number:
a whole number with more than two factors
constant:
a number in an algebraic expression that represents a quantity that does not change in value
data:
information obtained through a survey or experiment
decagon:
a ten-sided polygon
denominator:
in a fraction, the number below the bar
double-bar graph:
a bar graph comparing two sets of data
ellipse:
an oval shape
equation:
a statement of the equality of two quantities
equilateral triangle:
a triangle with three equal sides
equivalent fractions:
fractions that represent the same amount
expanded form:
the form that shows the place values of the digits of a numeral
experimental probability:
a fraction between 0 and 1 determined by dividing the number of times a particular event is observed to occur by the total number of times the experiment is conducted
factor:
one whole number that divides into another whole number
fair game:
a game in which all the players have the same chance of winning
favourable outcomes:
outcomes of an experiment in which a particular event under investigation occurs
first-hand data:
data that you collect directly from the original source
flip:
to form a mirror image of a shape
frequency:
the number of times a value occurs in a data set
Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic:
Any whole number can be written as a product of a unique set of prime numbers.
gram:
the basic unit of mass in the metric system
greatest common factor:
the largest in the list of factors that divide into two or more given numbers
guess and test:
a problem-solving strategy that uses trials to test possible answers
hectare:
the area of a square that is 100 m on each side
hendecagon:
an eleven-sided polygon
heptagon:
a seven-sided polygon
hexagon:
a six-sided polygon
histogram:
a bar graph showing the frequency of data in consecutive intervals
impossible event:
an event that never occurs
improper fraction:
a fraction with a numerator that is larger than its denominator
integer:
a positive or negative whole number or a zero
interval:
the width of a bar in a histogram
inverse operation:
an operation that undoes a given operation
isosceles triangle:
a triangle with two equal sides
least common multiple:
the smallest common multiple
light-year:
the distance travelled by light in one year
line of symmetry:
a line about which a figure can be folded into two matching halves
line of symmetry:
a line drawn through the middle of a geometric shape about which each half of the shape can be reflected onto the other half
line plot:
a graph for organizing data consisting of a number line and marks above the number line for each value in the data set
lines of latitude:
imaginary lines circling Earth and running parallel to the equator
lines of longitude:
imaginary lines circling Earth and passing through the poles
litre:
the basic unit of capacity in the metric system; equivalent to 1000 cm3
lowest terms:
the simplified form of a fraction
mass:
a measure of the quantity of matter in an object
mean:
the average of a set of numbers found by adding the numbers in the set and then dividing this sum by the number of numbers in the set
median:
middle value
metre:
the basic unit of length in the metric system
microgram:
one-thousandth of a milligram
micron:
one-thousandth of a millimetre
middle value:
the value in a set of data for which the number of data less than this value is equal to the number of data that are greater than this value
milligram:
one-thousandth of a gram
mirror line:
a line of symmetry
mirror line:
a straight line in which a geometric shape is reflected
mixed number:
a whole number plus a proper fraction
multiple:
a number formed by multiplying a given whole number by another whole number
negative:
less than zero
nonagon:
a nine-sided polygon
numerator:
in a fraction, the number above the bar
obtuse angle:
an angle between 90° and 180° in size
obtuse triangle:
a triangle that has one obtuse angle
octagon:
an eight-sided polygon
ordered pair:
a pair of numbers that represent a point on a graph
parallelogram:
a quadrilateral with opposite sides parallel
parsec:
approximately 3.26 light-years
pentagon:
a five-sided polygon
percent:
out of a hundred
perimeter:
the distance around a figure
place value:
in a numeral, the value of a digit determined by its position to the left or right of the one's digit
Platonic solid:
a three-dimensional object with identical polygons as faces
polygon:
a closed two-dimensional figure with three or more sides
polygon:
a many-sided geometric figure
population:
all the people or objects being considered
positive:
greater than zero
possible outcomes:
all the results of an experiment
prediction:
a statement about what is expected to happen
prime factorization:
the product of prime numbers to which a given whole number is equal
prime number:
a whole number with exactly two factors
probability:
the study of chance
protractor:
an instrument used to measure angles
quadrilateral:
a four-sided polygon
random sample:
a sample for which each member of the population had the same chance of being selected
range:
the difference between the largest and smallest values in a set of data
rating scale:
a scale used to indicate like or dislike
ratio:
a comparison of quantities
raw data:
data that has been collected but not organized or analysed
rectangular prism:
a geometric figure shaped like a box with six rectangular faces
reflex angle:
an angle greater than 180° in size
regular polygon:
a polygon with equal sides and equal angles
relatively prime:
two whole numbers that have only 1 as a common factor
representative sample:
a sample that closely resembles the population
rhombus:
a parallelogram with four equal sides
right angle:
an angle 90° in size
right triangle:
a triangle that has one right angle
sample:
the part of the population surveyed
scalene triangle:
a triangle with no equal sides
second-hand data:
data that others collect
side of an angle:
an arm of an angle
simplifying a fraction:
expressing a fraction as an equivalent fraction with the least possible denominator
slide:
to move a geometric shape in a straight line without twisting or turning it
square:
a regular quadrilateral
standard form:
the decimal numeral form in which numbers are usually written
stem-and-leaf plot:
a graph that organizes and displays numerical data according to size
straight angle:
an angle 180° in size
surface area of a prism:
the sum of the areas of all its faces
survey:
the process of obtaining information from a sample
tessellate:
to cover a surface using a geometric shape without gaps or overlaps
theoretical probability:
a fraction between 0 and 1 determined by dividing the number of favourable outcomes by the total number of possible outcomes
tonne:
one thousand kilograms
trapezoid:
a quadrilateral with one pair of parallel sides
trapezoid:
a quadrilateral with two parallel sides
triad:
a group of three digits
triangle:
a three-sided polygon
triangular prism:
a prism with triangular bases
unique:
one of a kind
variable:
a letter in an algebraic expression that indicates a value that can change
vertex:
the common endpoint of two rays forming an angle
volume:
the number of cubic units needed to fill an object completely
water displacement:
a technique for finding the volume of an irregularly shaped object