Mathematics 5 - Course Glossary
abacus:
a counting device made up of a frame holding rods that are strung with movable beads
analogue clock:
a clock with hands
area:
the number of square units a figure covers
base ten blocks:
a set of blocks (large cubes, flats, rods, and small cubes) used to represent numbers
base ten numeral system:
a system for representing numbers using the ten digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 0
broken-line graph:
a graph that consists of connected line segments and is used to show how a quantity changes
capacity:
the amount a container can hold
Carroll diagram:
a diagram that uses columns and rows to show how two different kinds of information are related
circumference:
distance around a circle
compatible numbers:
an estimation strategy in which you choose numbers that are close to the numbers but easier to compute mentally
composite number:
a number that has more than two different factors
coordinate plane:
a grid
coordinates:
the numbers in an ordered pair
cube:
a 3-D figure with six equal square faces
dart:
a concave trapezium with two pairs of equal adjacent sides
data:
information gathered for analysis
denominator:
in a fraction, the bottom numeral that tells the number of equal parts in the whole
digit:
one of the symbols used to indicate a number in the base ten numeral system
equilateral triangle:
a triangle with three equal sides
event:
a result that is of interest in a discussion of probability
expanded form:
a number written so that the place value of each digit is shown
face:
a flat surface of a solid figure
fair:
when outcomes are equally likely to happen
flip line:
the fixed line about which an object or figure is flipped
flip:
a motion in which an object or figure is flipped over a fixed line called the flip line
frequency diagram:
a chart used to record the data collected
frequency:
the number of times an event occurs
front-end digits:
an estimation strategy in which you use the first digits of the given numbers
grid:
a surface ruled into squares using horizontal and vertical lines
hexagon:
a polygon with six sides
hexomino:
a 2-D shape formed by joining the edges of six equal-sized squares
improbable event:
an event that is unlikely to occur
inverse operations:
operations (such as multiplication and division) that undo each other
isosceles triangle:
a triangle with two equal sides
kite:
a convex trapezium with two pairs of equal adjacent sides
line of symmetry:
the centre line about which a geometric figure can be folded so the two halves of the figure match exactly
line plot:
a graph consisting of a number line and symbols stacked up over values on the number line to represent how often these values occur
line symmetry:
the property in which one-half of a shape can be flipped onto the other half so the two halves match exactly
linear measurements:
measures of distance
linear units:
units for measuring distances, such as length, width, height, thickness, perimeter, and circumference
mass:
the amount of matter in an object
net:
a 2-D pattern of a 3-D figure
number:
the concept of how many, how long, or how much
numeral:
the symbol(s) used to indicate a number
numerator:
in a fraction, the top numeral that tells how many parts are being considered
octagon:
a polygon with eight sides
ordered pair:
two numbers used to locate a point in the coordinate plane
origin:
the starting point of the coordinate plane; the coordinate (0, 0)
parallelogram:
a quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides
pentagon:
a polygon with five sides
perimeter:
distance around a polygon
pictograph:
a graph using pictures or symbols to represent quantity
plane of symmetry:
a plane that cuts a 3-D object into two identical parts
point of symmetry:
the point about which a figure can be turned so it matches the original position
point symmetry:
the property in which a shape matches with its original position more than once in a full turn
polygon:
a closed 2-D shape that has only straight sides
population:
an entire group of people or things for which information is needed
population:
an entire group of people or things for which information is needed
prime number:
a number that has exactly two different factors (the number itself and 1)
probable event:
an event that is likely to occur
proper fraction:
a fraction in which the denominator is greater than the numerator
quadrilateral:
a polygon with four sides
random:
occurring by chance
rectangle:
a parallelogram with a right angle
rectangular solid:
a three-dimensional object with flat faces that are rectangles
regular polygon:
a polygon with equal sides and equal angles
rhombus:
a parallelogram with four equal sides
right prism:
a solid figure in which all the side (lateral) faces are rectangles
Roman numeral system:
a system for representing numbers using the seven letters I, V, X, L, C, D, and M
rounding:
an estimation strategy in which you use rounded numbers
sample:
a part of a population from which information is gathered
sample:
part of a population from which information is gathered
scalene triangle:
a triangle with no equal sides
simplest form of a fraction:
the form in which the numerator and denominator are the least whole numbers possible
slide:
a motion in which an object or figure changes position by moving in a straight line
solid figure:
a three-dimensional figure
square:
a parallelogram with four equal sides and a right angle
standard form:
the usual form of a number
tangram:
a Chinese puzzle consisting of a square cut into seven pieces called tans
tessellation:
a set of shapes that covers a whole surface with gaps or overlaps
trapezium:
a quadrilateral with no parallel sides
trapezoid:
a quadrilateral with one pair of parallel sides
triad:
each set of three digits in a number
triangle:
a polygon with three sides
turn centre:
a point about which an object or figure rotates
turn:
a motion in which an object or figure rotates about a fixed point called the turn centre
unfair:
when one outcome is more likely to happen than another
Venn diagram:
a diagram that uses circles to show how two or three groups of things are related
volume:
the amount of space an object occupies
Copyright © 2002, Alberta Learning